(一) 百科圖卡(第一輯) 三版 - 130張百科圖卡
知識範疇包括:
- Universe and Natural World (宇宙及自然界)
- Plants (植物)
- Fruits (水果)
- Insects and Arachnids (昆蟲及蛛形綱動物)
- Marine Animals (海洋動物)
- Amphibians and Reptiles (兩棲及爬蟲類動物)
- Birds (鳥類)
- Land Mammals (哺乳類動物)
- Architecture (著名建築物)
- Musical Instrument (樂器)
- National Flags - Countries (國旗)
- Musical Notations & Scales (音符及音階)
(二) 百科圖卡(第二輯) 初版 - 65張百科圖卡
知識範疇包括:
- Plants and Fungi (植物及蕈類) x 10
- Birds (鳥類) x 5
- Architecture (著名建築物) x 30
- Natural Wonders (自然奇觀) x 10
- Pets (寵物) x 5
- Shapes / Geometry (幾何圖形) x 5
Contents (in alphabetical order)
1. Plants and Fungi (植物及蕈類) - Orchid (蘭花), Peony (牡丹 / 芍藥), Tulip (鬱金香), Lavender (薰衣草), Flamingo Flower (火鶴花 / 紅掌), Boston Fern (波士頓蕨), Saguaro Cactus (巨人柱 / 仙人掌), Bamboo (竹子), Mushroom (蕈 / 菇), Pine Cone (松果)
2. Birds (鳥類) - Barn Owl (倉鴞 / 猴面鷹), Hummingbird (蜂鳥), House Sparrow (麻雀), Tundra Swan (小天鵝 / 白鵠), Greater Flamingo (大紅鸛)
3. Architecture (著名建築物) - Angkor Wat (吳哥窟), Big Ben (大本鐘), Brandenburg Gate (勃蘭登堡門), Burj Al Arab (阿拉伯塔酒店), Capitol (美國國會大廈), Colosseum (鬥獸場), Dome of the Rock (圓頂清真寺), Eiffel Tower (艾菲爾鐵塔), Golden Gate Bridge (金門大橋), Great Wall (萬里長城), Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政園), Kiyomizu Temple (清水寺), Leaning Tower of Pisa (比薩斜塔), Lincoln Memorial (林肯紀念堂), Louvre Museum (羅浮宮博物館), Machu Picchu (馬丘比丘), Parthenon (巴特農神廟), Petra (佩特拉), Petronas Twin Tower (吉隆坡雙子塔), Potala Palace (布達拉宮), Pyramids of Giza (吉薩金字塔), Railto Bridge (里亞爾托橋), Spiral Minaret of Great Mosque of Samarra (螺旋宣禮塔.薩邁拉大清真寺), St. Peter Basilica (聖伯多祿教堂), Statue of Liberty (自由神像), Stonehenge (巨石陣), Taj Mahal (泰姬陵), Temple of Heaven (天壇), Terracotta Warriors and Horses (兵馬俑), Tower Bridge (倫敦塔橋)
4. Natural Wonders (自然奇觀) - Amazon River (亞馬遜河), Ayers Rock (艾爾斯岩), Danxia Landform (丹霞地貌), Grand Canyon (大峽谷), Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁), Mount Huang (黄山), Iguazu Falls (伊爪蘇瀑布), Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic Area (九寨溝風景區), Serengeti (塞倫蓋蒂), Galápagos Islands (科隆群島)
5. Pets (寵物) - Domestic Cats (家貓), Dog (狗), Duck (鴨), Goldfish (金魚), Rabbit (兔)
6. Shapes / Geometry (幾何圖形) - Circle (圓形), Triangle (三角形), Quadrilaterals 1 (Parallelogram and Rectangle) (四邊形 (平行四邊形 + 長方形)), Quadrilaterals 2 (Square, Trapezoid, Diamond and Kite) (四邊形 - 正方形、梯形、菱形及鷂形), Rectangular cuboid (長方體)
Examples (例子):
An example of Plants and Fungi (植物及蕈類)
1.7 Saguaro Cactus (巨人柱 / 仙人掌)
i) The flowers of Saguaro Cactus bloom at the night-time from April to June. The flowers with white pedals and a yellow center can grow up to 7.5 cm in diameter - the size of a 3 years' old kid.
巨人柱的開花期是每年的四月至六月,一般在夜間開花,白色的花瓣包圍著中間黃色的花盤,花朵可生長到直徑 7.5厘米,約有一個3歲小孩子的手掌般大小。
ii) Areoles, the distinctive feature of Cacti, is distinguished them as a separate family from other succulent plants. Areoles give rise to spines.
刺座 - 是仙人掌獨特的地方,這使它有別於其他的肉質植物。在刺座上,生長出仙人掌的針刺來。
iii) The skin of the Saguaro Cactus is smooth and waxy with many clusters of spines.
巨人柱的的外層光滑,像塗上了一層蠟的,其上是一束束的針刺。
iv) The columnar stem of Saguaro Cactus is thick and tall - it can grows up to 60 cm in diameter and 20 m tall with several large branches (i.e. arms) curving upward.
巨人柱圓柱狀的的植株肥厚、高大挺拔,直徑可達60厘米,高達20米,常生長出粗壯的分支,呈燭台狀。
v) The Saguaro Cactus has a shallow roots system compared with its height and weight. However, the short roots are intensely packed and run radically from the base which can strongly archor the plant.
巨人柱雖然身型龐大,其根部系統卻不成正比的淺薄,但是,淺薄根部卻是由眾多細密的幼根集結成網狀,讓整棵植物也能站立得穩。
vi) The largest Saguaro Cactus have more than 5 arms with lifespan of more than 150 years old.
身型最大的巨人柱可生長出五根或以上的分支,其壽命亦可超過150年。
vii) Saguaro Cactus is originated in the desert areas of the southeastern California, southern Arizona and adjoining northwestern Mexico.
巨人柱原產於美國加州東南部的沙漠地區、亞利桑那州南部及鄰近的墨西哥北部。
viii) Some birds live inside the Saguaro Cactus by digging a hole on the stem.
有一些雀鳥會在巨人柱的植株上啄開一個洞,並在洞內棲息。
ix) Bats, birds and bees are the pollinators of Saguaro Cactus. They are always attracted by the nectar secreted at the flower and the fruits in bright color.
蝙蝠、雀鳥及蜜蜂是巨人柱的傳粉媒介,它們常被巨人柱的花朵所分泌的花蜜及鮮艷的果子吸引。
x) The fruits of Saguaro Cactus are red in color. Each fruit contains around 2,000 seeds surrounded by sweet fleshy connective tissue.
巨人柱的果子外表是紅色的,每個果子蘊含2,000粒種子,並由肉質甜美的結締組織包圍著。
xi) When it rains, the new roots of the Saguaro Cactus will grow and spread rapidly beneath the soil surface which can increase the surface area for water absorption.
當下雨的時候,巨人柱根部的幼根會急速生長及在淺土中擴大其覆蓋範圍,為的是增加吸水的表面面積。
xii) Saguaro Cactus is the state flower of Arizona, U.S.
巨人柱是美國亞利桑那州的州花。
Scientific Classification
Plantae 植物界
Magnoliophyta 被子植物門
Magnoliopsida 雙子葉植物綱
Caryophyllales 石竹目
Cactaceae 仙人掌科
Carnegiea 巨人柱屬
An example of Birds (鳥類)
2.4 Tundra Swan (小天鵝 / 白鵠)
i) Swans are one of the largest flying birds. Tundra Swans are smaller in size than Swans.
天鵝是體型最龐大的飛鳥之一,而小天鵝的身型比天鵝細小。
ii) The plumage of Tundra Swans is white with a pair of black feet.
小天鵝全身的羽毛是白色的,並長有一雙黑色的腳。
iii) The beak of Tundra Swans is black with yellow at the upper part.
小天鵝的嘴喙前端是黑色的,而後端則是黃色的。
iv) Tundra Swans' wingspans can grow up to 1.75 m with body size up to 1.5 metre and weight over 15 kg. Females Swans are slightly larger than males.
小天鵝的翼展可長達1.75米,而身高1.5米,體重可達15公斤,雌性的身型一般比起雄性龐大。
v) Tundra Swans' nests are large stick dwellings lined with moss and grasses.
小天鵝的巢穴是由樹枝築成,並以藻類植物及雜草作遮蔽及保護。
vi) Tundra Swan breeds in the Arctic tundra and they inhabit shallow pools, lakes and rivers.
小天鵝生長在北極的凍土地帶,通常在淺水的水塘、湖泊及河流生活。
vii) Tundra Swan feeds on aquatic plants, tubers, roots, grains, corn and shellfish.
小天鵝捕食水中的植物、塊莖、根、穀粒、粟米及貝殼類生物。
viii) Tundra Swan are migratary birds and the flocks usually fly in V formation.
小天鵝是按時遷徙的候烏,多數是多群集結,集體飛行在半空時,自然地形成一個"V"型的分佈。
ix) Female Tundra Swans (Pens) lay 4 to 5 eggs a clutch. The eggs are incubated mostly by the female for about a month.
雌性的小天鵝每次會產卵4至5枚,孵化期约一個月,主要是由雌性的小天鵝負責。
x) Tundra Swans are long-lived birds and can live up to 20 years in average.
小天鵝壽命不短,一般可存活到廿歲。
xi) "Swan Lake" is a famous ballet that is written by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, composed in 1875–1876.
『天鵝湖』是一齣膾炙人口的芭蕾舞劇,是柴可夫斯基在1875-1876年創作的作品。
xii) "The Ugly Duckling" is a famous fable written by a Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen. It is about a "duckling" that is mistreated and edged out until it realized that itself is a Swan and accepted by his peers, more important is that it can accept and appreciate itself eventually.
『醜小鴨』是一個著名的童話寓言故事,由丹麥的詩人及作家安徒生著作,故事是關於一隻"小鴨"經常被侮辱、欺凌、排擠,直至到牠長大後,才發現自己是天鵝,最終,牠得到同伴的接納,但是,更最要的是牠懂得接納及欣賞自己。
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